Lee, S. B., Tani, Y., Enomoto, T., and Sato, H., “Development of a Dicing Blade with Photopolymerizable Resins for Improving Machinability,” CIRP Annals–Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 54, No. (1), pp. 293–296, 2005.

Zhang, B. and Howes, T. D., “Material–Removal Mechanisms in Grinding Ceramics,” CIRP Annals–Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 43, No. (1), pp. 305–308, 1994.

Sreejith, P., Udupa, G., Noor, Y., and Ngoi, B., “Recent Advances in Machining of Silicon Wafers for Semiconductor Applications,” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 17, No. (3), pp. 157–162, 2001.

Single-pass sawing (SPS), a significant cutting process widely used in the manufacturing of optical components in optoelectronic fields, which can greatly improve the quality of products by reducing the proportion of edge chipping. In this paper, the mechanism of SPS was introduced by a novel approach of deep analysis of the variation of the contact arc zone. Setting sapphire wafers as the workpiece, this study performed the comparative experiments in three specific arc zones, which would further make a thorough inquiry on the related machining mechanism. The difficulty degree of machining and the topography of surface quality during SPS process were also analyzed. The difficulty degree of machining was reflected by the sawing force ratio, and the machining surfaces of sapphire wafers were compared by SEM and Digital Microscope. The results indicate that the lower the arc is, the easier it can be machined during SPS. And the best surface quality appears in Arc 2 (arc angle = 20°), which can be set as an excellent reference for the machining of other materials during SPS. The single-pass sawing mechanism is also derived on the basis of the traditional cutting mechanism model, which will further serve as useful references to both the industrial machining and the academia.

Jiun, H. H., Ahmad, I., Jalar, A., and Omar, G., “Effect of Laminated Wafer Toward Dicing Process and Alternative Double Pass Sawing Method to Reduce Chipping,” IEEE Transactions on Electronics Packaging Manufacturing, Vol. 29, No. (1), pp. 17–24, 2006.

Choi, W.-K., Kim, S.-H., Choi, S.-G., Lee, E.-S., and Lee, C.-H., “Effect of Pad’s Surface Deformation and Oscillation on Monocrystalline Silicon Wafer Surface Quality,” International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, Vol. 15, No. (11), pp. 2301–2307, 2014.

Shen, J., Lu, L., Gong, Y. et al. Study on the Influence of Variation of Contact Arc Zone on the Single-Pass Sawing of Sapphire Wafer. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 19, 1265–1271 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-018-0150-8

*The Triangle Rewards Program is owned and operated by Canadian Tire Corporation, Limited. The Triangle® credit cards are issued by Canadian Tire Bank. Rewards are in the form of electronic Canadian Tire Money® (CT Money®). To collect bonus CT Money you must present a Triangle Rewards card/key fob, or use any approved Cardless method, at time of purchase or pay with a Triangle credit card. You cannot collect paper CT Money on bonus offers. Minimum $150 spend is on the pre-tax amount on the same tender and for a single transaction. $150 must be spent on items that earn CT Money. Not all items sold at Canadian Tire are eligible to earn CT Money or to be redeemed for. Conditions apply. Visit triangle.com for full program rules and Partner location information. The offered rate is exclusive of any bonus or promotional offers or redemption transactions. CT Money is collected on the pre-tax amount of the purchase. Bonus CT Money may take up to 5 weeks to be applied to the Member’s Triangle Rewards Account. No rainchecks. Single use only per Triangle Rewards Account.

*$9.99 + tax delivery fee.  Select your store and enter postal code on the product page while shopping to determine if same day delivery is available.  Products must meet certain cube/weight dimensions and distance from store must be less than 10km.  For full terms/conditions, visit https://www.canadiantire.ca/en/customer-service/online-ordering.html  *Free at the majority of stores. Some stores may require a minimum order value (before taxes). Orders that do not meet the minimum order value will be subject to a fee.  Orders ready typically within 24 hours. Wait for Ready for Pick Up email before proceeding to store. **$9.99 + tax delivery fee. Select your store and enter postal code on the product page while shopping to determine if same day delivery is available. Products must meet certain cube/weight dimensions and distance from store must be less than 10km. For full terms/conditions, visit https://www.canadiantire.ca/en/customer-service/online-ordering.html

*The Triangle Rewards Program is owned and operated by Canadian Tire Corporation, Limited. The Triangle® credit cards are issued by Canadian Tire Bank. Rewards are in the form of electronic Canadian Tire Money® (CT Money®). To collect bonus CT Money you must pay with a Triangle credit card. You cannot collect paper Canadian Tire Money on bonus offers. Any bonus multiplier is based on the base rate of collecting CT Money (0.4%), and will be added to whatever the Member would otherwise collect, without the bonus. Example: On a $100 (pre-tax) purchase with a 20x bonus multiplier a Member would earn a bonus $8 in CT Money (20 X 0.4% X $100). The 30x for Triangle® Mastercard®, World Mastercard® and World Elite® Mastercard® customers consists of the 10x everyday plus a 20x bonus. Not all items sold are eligible to earn CT Money or to be redeemed for. Conditions apply. Visit triangle.com for full program rules and Partner location information. The offered rate is exclusive of any bonus or promotional offers or redemption transactions. CT Money is collected on the pre-tax amount of the purchase. Bonus CT Money may take up to 5 weeks to be applied to the Member’s Triangle Rewards Account. No rainchecks. Must pay with a Triangle credit card. Gift cards and other items excluded.

Teomete, E., “Roughness Damage Evolution due to Wire Saw Process,” International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, Vol. 12, No. (6), pp. 941–947, 2011.

Wen, D. H., Wan, Y. H., and Hong, T., “Surface Integrity Induced by Abrasive Machining Sapphire Wafer,” Advanced Materials Research, Vols. 53–54, pp. 311–316, 2008.

CANADIAN TIRE® and the CANADIAN TIRE Triangle Design are registered trade-marks of Canadian Tire Corporation, Limited. ±Was price reflects the last national regular price this product was sold for. **Online prices and sale effective dates may differ from those in-store and may vary by region. Dealers may sell for less. * Financing available is “Equal payments, no interest” for 24 months (unless otherwise stated) and is only available on request, on approved credit and on purchases of $150 (unless otherwise stated) or more (Gift Cards excluded) made with your Triangle credit card at Canadian Tire, Sport Chek, Mark’s, L’Équipeur, Atmosphere, Sports Rousseau, Hockey Experts, L’Entrepôt du Hockey and participating Sports Experts. Interest does not accrue during the period of the plan. However, if we do not receive the full minimum due on a statement within 59 days of the date of that statement, or any event of default (other than a payment default) occurs under your Cardmember Agreement, all special payment plans on your account will terminate and (i) you will then be charged interest on the balances outstanding on such plans at the applicable regular annual rate from the day after the date of your next statement, and (ii) the balances outstanding will form part of the balance due on that statement. There is no administration fee charged for entering into a special payments plan. Each month during an equal payments plan you are required to pay in full by the due date that month’s equal payments plan instalment. Any unpaid portion not received by the due date will no longer form part of the equal payments plan and interest will accrue on that amount from the day after the date of your next statement at the applicable regular annual rate. Offer subject to change without notice. Additional information for residents of Quebec only: The regular annual rate for persons applying for the Triangle Mastercard and the Triangle World Elite Mastercard is 21.99% for cash transactions and related fees and 21.99% for all other charges. Some applicants may receive a higher or lower regular annual rate depending on a credit evaluation. The minimum payment is the sum of (a) the greater of: (i) interest and fees shown on your statement + $10; or (ii) 5% of the New Balance, excluding amounts on special payment plans, (b) any balance over your credit limit, (c) any amounts past due not included in (b) above, and (d) the amount of any equal payments plan instalments then due. Balances under $10 are due in full. For residents of Quebec, the period between the statement date and the due date for payment is 26 days. The billing period covered by each statement can be from 28-33 days. The Triangle Mastercard and the Triangle World Elite Mastercard do not have an annual fee. Examples of borrowing costs (rounded to the nearest cent) assuming that all charges are purchases bearing interest at the regular annual rate of 21.99%, a 30 day month, no charges made on special payment plans and no other fees, additional payments or other changes are:

Lin, J.-W. and Cheng, M.-H., “Investigation of Chipping and Wear of Silicon Wafer Dicing,” Journal of Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 16, No. (3), pp. 373–378, 2014.

Kim, S.-C., Lee, E.-S., Kim, N.-H., and Jeong, H.-D., “Machining Characteristics on the Ultra–Precision Dicing of Silicon Wafer,” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 33, Nos. (7–8), pp. 662–667, 2007.

Maas, P., Mizumoto, Y., Kakinuma, Y., and Min, S., “Machinability Study of Single–Crystal Sapphire in a Ball–End Milling Process,” International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, Vol. 18, No. (1), pp. 109–114, 2017.

Wang, Z., Wang, J., Lee, S., Yao, S., Han, R., and Su, Y. Q., “300–mm Low–k Wafer Dicing Saw Development,” IEEE Transactions on Electronics Packaging Manufacturing, Vol. 30, No. (4), pp. 313–319, 2007.

Matsumaru, K., Takata, A., and Ishizaki, K., “Advanced Thin Dicing Blade for Sapphire Substrate,” Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, Vol. 6, No. (2), pp. 120–122, 2005.

Luo, S. Y. and Wang, Z. W., “Studies of Chipping Mechanisms for Dicing Silicon Wafers,” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 35, Nos. (11–12), pp. 1206–1218, 2008.

*NO PURCHASE NECESSARY. Contest begins at 12:00 p.m. Eastern Time (“ET”) on September 19, 2024 and ends at 11:59 p.m. ET on October 3, 2024 after which time the Contest will be closed and no further entries shall be accepted. Open to legal residents of Canada who are a registered Triangle® Loyalty member and who are 18 years old or older. There is one grand prize that consists of a trip for two to attend Game 3 and Game 4 of the MLB World Series with a total approximate retail value (“ARV”) of $25,449.96CAD and one secondary prize consist of a PWR POD gift basket each with an ARV of $449.96 CAD . Winners will be selected through a random electric draw on October 4, 2024. Odds of winning depend upon total number of eligible entries received. Correct answer to mathematical skill-testing question required. Visit

Li, Z. C., Lin, B., Xu, Y. S., and Hu, J., “Experimental Studies on Grinding Forces and Force Ratio of the Unsteady–State Grinding Technique,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 129, Nos. (1–3), pp. 76–80, 2002.

®/™ Mastercard, World Mastercard, World Elite and the circles are registered trademarks of Mastercard International Incorporated.

† In the form of electronic Canadian Tire Money® (CT Money®). You cannot collect paper Canadian Tire Money on bonus offers. Any bonus multiplier is based on the base rate of collecting CT Money. Not all items sold at Canadian Tire earn CT Money. The offered rate is exclusive of any bonus or promotional offers or redemption transactions. CT Money is collected on the pre-tax. Bonus CT Money collected from online orders will be applied to the member’s Triangle Rewards™ account within 5 weeks of the purchase date. Terms and Conditions apply. Visit Triangle Rewards: Sign Up & Earn Today for more information. ®/TMMark’s is a registered trademark of Mark’s Work Warehouse Ltd, used under licence. ®/TMSport Chek is a registered trademark of FGL Sports Ltd, used under licence. ◊Off our original prices. Pricing, selection, and availability of clearance items are determined by each store. Applicable on select styles/sizes. Clearance items may be display models or not exactly as shown. Quantities may be limited and may vary by store. Rainchecks unavailable. We reserve the right to limit quantities. Shop early for greatest selection. Contact your local store for more information. ‡‡Shipping fees apply. Shipping fees and delivery times vary depending on location, size and weight of the item(s) and is only available within the province of the Canadian Tire retail location (“Store”) from which the item(s) was purchased. Bulk items will only be delivered within a 100km radius of the Store. Not available in Recontre East, NL. Conditions and restrictions apply. Visit Online Ordering for more information. ®/™ Mastercard, World Mastercard and World Elite are registered trademarks, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated. ®/TM Unless otherwise noted, all trademarks are owned by Canadian Tire Corporation, Limited and are used under license. ◊Off our original price. Quantities may vary by store. Some clearance product and price points may not be available at all locations. ± Was price reflects the last national regular price this product was sold for *The Triangle Rewards Program is owned and operated by Canadian Tire Corporation, Limited. Triangle® credit cards are issued by Canadian Tire Bank. Rewards are in the form of electronic Canadian Tire Money® (CT Money®). To collect bonus CT Money you must present a Triangle Rewards card/key fob, or use any approved Cardless method, at time of purchase or pay with a Triangle credit card. You cannot collect paper Canadian Tire Money on bonus offers. Any bonus multiplier is based on the base rate of collecting CT Money (0.4%), and will be added to whatever the Member would otherwise collect, without the bonus. Example: On a $100 (pre-tax) purchase with a 20x bonus multiplier a Member would earn a bonus $8 in CT Money (20 X .4% X $100). Not all items sold are eligible to earn CT Money or to be redeemed for. Conditions apply. Visit triangle.com for full program rules and Partner location information. The offered rate is exclusive of any bonus or promotional offers or redemption transactions. CT Money is collected on the pre-tax amount of the purchase. Bonus CT Money may take up to 5 weeks to be applied to the Member’s Triangle Rewards Account. No rainchecks. 1 Participating retailers: Canadian Tire, Sport Chek, Mark’s, L’Équipeur, Atmosphere, Party City, Sports Rousseau, Hockey Experts, L’Entrepôt du Hockey and participating Sports Experts stores. ^ CT Money is collected on the number of whole litres of fuel purchased rounded down to the nearest whole litre when you show your Triangle card, mobile App or key fob and pay with cash or debit. Rate subject to change and could vary by location, see local gas bar for details. Not all Gas+ locations have premium fuel. Must go inside kiosk to collect rewards with App or key fob. Conditions apply. Visit triangle.com for full program rules and Partner location information.

Xu, X., Li, Y., and Malkin, S., “Forces and Energy in Circular Sawing and Grinding of Granite,” Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 123, No. (1), pp. 13–22, 2001.